The following 100 primary sources in United States Intellectual History are designed to offer students and scholars an introductory view of United States intellectual history. All documents have been selected from The American Yawp Reader, an open-source collection of primary sources in United States history. You are free to use and modify them freely. If you would like to suggest additional sources, please do so here. Suggestions of sources from under-represented voices are particularly appreciated.
- Native American creation stories
- Bartolomé de las Casas describes the exploitation of indigenous people, 1542
- John Winthrop dreams of a city on a hill, 1630
- A Gaspesian Indian defends his way of life, 1641
- Olaudah Equiano describes the Middle Passage, 1789
- Haudenosaunee thanksgiving address
- Eliza Lucas letters, 1740-1741
- Jonathan Edwards revives Enfield, Connecticut, 1741
- Samson Occom describes his conversion and ministry, 1768
- Pontiac calls for war, 1763
- Thomas Paine calls for American independence, 1776
- Declaration of Independence, 1776
- Abigail and John Adams converse on women’s rights, 1776
- Hector St. Jean de Crèvecœur describes the American people, 1782
- A Confederation of Native peoples seek peace with the United States, 1786
- Mary Smith Cranch comments on politics, 1786-87
- James Madison, Memorial and Remonstrance Against Religious Assessments, 1785
- Venture Smith, A Narrative of the Life and Adventures of Venture Smith, 1798
- Anti-Thomas Jefferson Cartoon, 1797
- Thomas Jefferson’s racism, 1788
- Black scientist Benjamin Banneker demonstrates black intelligence to Thomas Jefferson, 1791
- Tecumseh calls for pan-Indian resistance, 1810
- Genius of the Ladies Magazine Illustration, 1792
- Maria Stewart bemoans the consequences of racism, 1832
- Alexis de Tocqueville, “How Americans Understand the Equality of the Sexes,” 1840
- Anti-Catholic Cartoon, 1855
- Rhode Islanders protest property restrictions on voting, 1834
- Black Philadelphians defend their voting rights, 1838
- Frederick Douglass, “What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?” 1852
- Revivalist Charles G. Finney emphasizes human choice in salvation, 1836
- David Walker’s “Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World,” 1829
- Angelina Grimké, Appeal to Christian Women of the South, 1836
- Sarah Grimké calls for women’s rights, 1838
- Henry David Thoreau reflects on nature, 1854
- The fruit of alcohol and temperance lithographs, 1849
- Nat Turner explains the Southampton rebellion, 1831
- Harriet Jacobs on rape and slavery, 1860
- George Fitzhugh argues that slavery is better than liberty and equality, 1854
- Sermon on the duties of a Christian woman, 1851
- Cherokee petition protesting removal, 1836
- John O’Sullivan declares America’s manifest destiny, 1845
- Wyandotte woman describes tensions over slavery, 1849
- Manifest destiny painting, 1872
- Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 1852
- Margaraetta Mason and Lydia Maria Child discuss John Brown, 1860
- Alexander Stephens on slavery and the Confederate constitution, 1861
- Ambrose Bierce recalls his experience at the Battle of Shiloh, 1881
- Abraham Lincoln’s second inaugural address, 1865
- Charlotte Forten teaches freed children in South Carolina, 1864
- Frederick Douglass on remembering the Civil War, 1877
- Fifteenth Amendment print, 1870
- William Graham Sumner on Social Darwinism (ca.1880s)
- Henry George, Progress and Poverty, Selections (1879)
- Andrew Carnegie’s Gospel of Wealth (1889)
- Lucy Parsons on Women and Revolutionary Socialism (1905)
- Chief Joseph on Indian Affairs (1877, 1879)
- Frederick Jackson Turner, “Significance of the Frontier in American History” (1893)
- Laura C. Kellogg on Indian Education (1913)
- Helen Hunt Jackson on a Century of Dishonor (1881)
- Henry Grady on the New South (1886)
- Ida B. Wells-Barnett, “Lynch Law in America” (1900)
- Henry Adams, The Education of Henry Adams (1918)
- Charlotte Perkins Gilman, “Why I Wrote The Yellow Wallpaper” (1913)
- Rudyard Kipling, “The White Man’s Burden” (1899)
- William James on “The Philippine Question” (1903)
- Chinese Immigrants Confront Anti-Chinese Prejudice (1885, 1903)
- Booker T. Washington & W.E.B. DuBois on Black Progress (1895, 1903)
- Jane Addams, “The Subjective Necessity for Social Settlements” (1892)
- Walter Rauschenbusch, Christianity and the Social Crisis (1907)
- Alice Stone Blackwell, Answering Objections to Women’s Suffrage (1917)
- Theodore Roosevelt on “The New Nationalism” (1910)
- Alan Seeger on World War I (1914; 1916)
- Emma Goldman on Patriotism (July 9, 1917)
- W.E.B DuBois, “Returning Soldiers” (May, 1919)
- Warren G. Harding and the “Return to Normalcy” (1920)
- Crystal Eastman, “Now We Can Begin” (1920)
- Hiram Evans on the “The Klan’s Fight for Americanism” (1926)
- Ellen Welles Page, “A Flapper’s Appeal to Parents” (1922)
- Alain Locke on the “New Negro” (1925)
- Franklin Roosevelt’s Re-Nomination Acceptance Speech (1936)
- Dorothy West, “Amateur Night in Harlem” (1938)
- Charles A. Lindbergh, “America First” (1941)
- Aiko Herzig-Yoshinaga on Japanese Internment (1942/1994)
- Declaration of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (1945)
- The Truman Doctrine (1947)
- Dwight D. Eisenhower, “Atoms for Peace” (1953)
- Paul Robeson’s Appearance Before the House Un-American Activities Committee (1956)
- Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954)
- John F. Kennedy on the Separation of Church and State (1960)
- Congressman Arthur L. Miller Gives “the Putrid Facts” About Homosexuality (1950)
- National Organization for Women, “Statement of Purpose” (1966)
- The Port Huron Statement (1962)
- Report of the National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders (1968)
- Gloria Steinem on Equal Rights for Women (1970)
- Native Americans Occupy Alcatraz (1969)
- Pat Buchanan on the Culture War (1992)
- Phyllis Schlafly on Women’s Responsibility for Sexual Harassment (1981)
- George W. Bush on the Post-9/11 World (2002)
- Chelsea Manning Petitions for a Pardon (2013)
- Emily Doe (Chanel Miller), Victim Impact Statement (2015)